Let’s take as an example the code -/16/14. Each ISO/DIN code value is assigned a particle count range based on whether the particle size is: ≥ 5 µm (X) or ≥ 15 µm (Y) . Each value, X or Y, represents a position in a table of 30 specified particle quantities (refer to table 1 below) which correspond to the number of particles within a reference volume of 100 ml or 1 ml . The analysis of particles present in a liquid can be carried out directly on the liquid using electronic or light scattering or extinction methods or the particles can be analyzed with a microscope after filtration .Ī complete classification code based on particle analysis with a microscope from ISO 4406 or DIN 51455 would be -/X/Y . Also, the NAS 1638 standard was used in the past, but was inactivated in 2001 and replaced by other ones like ISO 4406 . The standards ISO 4406 and DIN 51455 define classifications for the degree of particle contamination present in hydraulic fluids and lubricants. The resulting particle size distribution is converted into a comparable and usable form using standardized methods. Normally, for both cases, the size of each captured particle is measured and the number of particles determined. For most mechanical systems, such as gearboxes of engines and motors or turbines used for offshore wind parks, quality control of the fluid contamination is done after use where the fluid is collected, filtered, and then the particles analyzed.
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